Spanish Verbs
Estar Conjugation
Estar is a Spanish irregular AR verb meaning "to be". Irregular verbs are verbs which do not follow the standard conjugation patterns of Spanish regular verbs.
Estar is ranked on the 100 Most Used Spanish Verbs Poster as the #2 most used irregular verb.
Present Tense
Past Tenses
Future Tenses
Subjunctive Tenses
Further Reading
100 Most Used Spanish Verbs Poster w/ Study Guide
A selection of the most used irregular and regular Spanish verb conjugations. A must have for anyone who wants to learn Spanish!
Estar Conjugation
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estoy | I am |
| Tú | estás | You are |
| Él/Ella/ |
está | He/She is |
| Nosotros | estamos | We are |
| Vosotros | estáis | You (plural) are |
| Ellos/ |
están | They are |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Estar Participio
The Participio or Past Participle of Estar is estado. This is used to form the Estar Present Perfect and the Estar Past Perfect.
Estar Gerundio
The Gerundio or Present Participle of Estar is estando. This is used to form the Estar Present Continuous.
Estar Present Continuous
The Present Continuous (presente progresivo or presente continuo) is used to describe actions that are happening right now or around now. To form the present continuous tense, combine the Estar conjugation with the Estar Gerundio (or Present Participle).
Example: Él está siendo muy egoísta últimamente. (He is being very selfish lately.)
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estoy estando | I am being |
| Tú | estás estando | You are being |
| Él/Ella/ |
está estando | He/She is being |
| Nosotros | estamos estando | We are being |
| Vosotros | estáis estando | You (plural) are being |
| Ellos/ |
están estando | They are being |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Past Tense
Spanish has several past tenses, each serving a specific purpose to express actions in the past.
Additionally, the use of Spanish past tenses can vary significantly across regions due to cultural and linguistic differences.
These are some of the most commonly used Spanish past tenses:
Estar Preterite
The Preterite Tense (Pretérito or Indefinido) is used for completed actions in the past that have a clear beginning or end.
Example: Ayer comí pizza. (Yesterday, I ate pizza).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estuve | I was |
| Tú | estuviste | You were |
| Él/Ella/ |
estuvo | He/She was |
| Nosotros | estuvimos | We were |
| Vosotros | estuvisteis | You (plural) were |
| Ellos/ |
estuvieron | They were |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Imperfect
The Imperfect Tense (Imperfecto) describes ongoing, habitual, or background actions in the past, often without a defined start or end.
Example: Cuando era niño, jugaba fútbol todos los días. (When I was a child, I used to play soccer every day).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estaba | I used to be |
| Tú | estabas | You used to be |
| Él/Ella/ |
estaba | He/She used to be |
| Nosotros | estábamos | We used to be |
| Vosotros | estabais | You (plural) used to be |
| Ellos/ |
estaban | They used to be |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Present Perfect
The Present Perfect Tense (Presente Perfecto) is used to describe actions that have been completed recently or have relevance to the present moment. The Present Perfect Tense is formed by combining the Present Tense of the auxiliary verb Haber Conjugation with the Estar Participio.
Example: He leído ese libro. (I have read that book).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he estado | I have been |
| Tú | has estado | You have been |
| Él/Ella/ |
ha estado | He/She has been |
| Nosotros | hemos estado | We have been |
| Vosotros | habéis estado | You (plural) have been |
| Ellos/ |
han estado | They have been |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Past Perfect
The Past Perfect Tense (Pluscuamperfecto) refers to actions completed before another action in the past. The Past Perfect Tense is formed by combining the Imperfect Tense of the auxiliary verb Haber Conjugation with the Estar Participio.
Example: Había comido antes de salir. (I had eaten before leaving).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | había estado | I had been |
| Tú | habías estado | You had been |
| Él/Ella/ |
había estado | He/She had been |
| Nosotros | habíamos estado | We had been |
| Vosotros | habíais estado | You (plural) had been |
| Ellos/ |
habían estado | They had been |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Future Tense
The Future Tense (Futuro) is used to describe actions or events that will happen in the future. It often expresses certainty or plans about what is yet to come.
Example: Mañana comeré pizza. (Tomorrow, I will eat pizza).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estaré | I will be |
| Tú | estarás | You will be |
| Él/Ella/ |
estará | He/She will be |
| Nosotros | estaremos | We will be |
| Vosotros | estaréis | You (plural) will be |
| Ellos/ |
estarán | They will be |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Conditional Tense
The Conditional Tense (Condicional) is used to express hypothetical situations, polite requests, or actions that depend on other conditions. It is often used in combination with the Future Tense.
Example: Me gustaría un café, por favor.(I would like a coffee, please).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estaría | I would be |
| Tú | estarías | You would be |
| Él/Ella/ |
estaría | He/She would be |
| Nosotros | estaríamos | We would be |
| Vosotros | estaríais | You (plural) would be |
| Ellos/ |
estarían | They would be |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topEstar Subjunctive
The Subjunctive Tense (Subjuntivo) is used to express doubt, uncertainty, desire, or emotion. It is often used in dependent clauses introduced by specific conjunctions or verbs.
Example: Espero que seas feliz. (I hope you are happy).
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | esté | I am |
| Tú | estés | You are |
| Él/Ella/ |
esté | He/She is |
| Nosotros | estemos | We are |
| Vosotros | estéis | You (plural) are |
| Ellos/ |
estén | They are |
* Irregular forms are highlighted in red
Back to topSpanish Regular Verbs
A verb is called a regular verb when its conjugation follows a consistent and predictable pattern. In contrast, a verb that does not follow these standard patterns is called an irregular verb. In Spanish, the three regular conjugation patterns are based on the verb endings: -AR, -ER, and -IR.
Spanish Conjugation Chart
Looking for more Spanish verbs like Estar? Check out our Spanish Conjugation Chart, the 100 Most Used Spanish Verbs Poster!
